nanotechnology is changing everything from medicine to self-healing buildings - energy storage devices

In the past 70 years, the way we live and work has been changed by two small inventions.
Electronic transistors and microchips make it possible for all modern electronic technologies, which have become smaller and smaller since they developed in the 1940 s.
Today, a chip can hold up to 5 billion transistors.
If cars follow the same path of development, we can now drive them at a speed of 300 miles per hour for only £ 3 per vehicle.
But to keep this going, we need to be able to create circuits on very small nanometers. A nanometre (nm)
It's one billion in a meter, so this kind of engineering involves manipulating a single atom.
For example, we can do this by emitting a bunch of electrons into the material, or by vaporizing it and depositing the resulting gas atoms layer by layer on the substrate.
The real challenge is to reliably manufacture working nano devices using this technology.
The physical properties of the substance, such as its melting point, conductivity and chemical reactivity, become very different at the nano-scale, so the shrinkage device affects its performance.
However, if we can master this technology, then we have the opportunity not only to improve our electronics, but also to improve the various areas of modern life. 1.
Doctors in the body wearable fitness technology means we can monitor our health by tying gadgets to ourselves.
There are even electronic tattoo prototypes that can perceive our vital signs.
But by reducing the size of the technology, we can go a step further by embedding or injecting tiny sensors in the body.
This will capture more detailed information, reduce the trouble of the patient and enable the physician to personalize the treatment.
From monitoring inflammation and inflammation, the possibilities are endless.
Electronic devices actually interfere with the signal that our body controls the function of organs, a more exotic application.
While these technologies may sound like things to come, many
Billions of healthcare companies like Glaxo are already researching and developing so-
It is called "electrotherapy ". 2.
Sensors, sensors, everything these sensors depend on
Nano-materials and manufacturing technologies have been invented to make them smaller, more complex and more energy-efficient.
For example, sensors with very fine functionality can now be printed heavily on flexible plastic volumes at low cost.
This provides the possibility to place the sensor at multiple points on a critical infrastructure to constantly check that everything is working properly.
Bridges, planes and even nuclear power plants will benefit. 3. Self-
Nanotechnology can then play a further role.
Changing the structure of materials on a nano scale can give them some amazing performance-for example, giving them a texture that repels water.
In the future, it is possible for nanotechnology coatings or additives to even "heal" the material when it is damaged or worn out ".
Dispersion of nanoparticles throughout the material, for example, means that they can migrate to fill in any cracks that appear.
This can generate self.
Everything from the aircraft cockpit to the micro circuit has healing materials to prevent small fractures from becoming larger and more problematic cracks. 4.
Making big data possible, all of these sensors will generate more information than we 've handled before-so we need technology to handle it and find patterns that remind us of the problem.
If we want to use the "big data" of traffic sensors to help manage congestion and prevent accidents, or to prevent crime by using statistics to allocate police resources more effectively.
Here, Nanotechnology helps create the super
Dense memory that can store large amounts of data.
But it's also ultra-
Efficient algorithms for processing, encrypting, and communicating data without affecting data reliability.
There are several big examples of nature.
Perform data processing efficiently in real time
Time is made up of tiny structures such as the eye and the ear that convert external signals into parts of the brain's information.
Brain-inspired computer structures can also use energy more efficiently, so it can reduce the fight against excess heat-one of the key issues with further contraction of electronic devices. 5.
Tackling climate change means we need new ways of generating electricity and using electricity, and nanotechnology has played a role.
It helps to make batteries that can store more energy for electric vehicles and enables solar panels to turn more sunlight into electricity.
The common trick of both applications is to use nano-manufacturing or nano-materials (
For example, nano or carbon nano tubes)
Turn the flat surface into three
Size 1 with larger surface area.
This means that there is more room for energy storage or power generation reactions, so these devices will be more efficient to operate in the future, and nanotechnology can also enable objects to get energy from the environment. New nano-
The materials and concepts currently under development show the potential to generate energy from sources of motion, light, temperature change, glucose and other high conversion efficiency.
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