battery car a to z - 3.7 volt rechargeable lithium ion battery

Talk to any automaker and you will soon learn that they can't see the future.
So when the parliament, the state, the politicians, and the legislators want
Tomorrow's electric car company is not sure yet.
Neither should you.
There are still huge technical barriers to producing a large number of reliable, robust, rechargeable electric vehicles, charging infrastructure still to be considered, and mileage anxiety inherent in battery cars.
"Battery cars are the ideal way to carry batteries," Bob Lutz, former deputy general manager of GM
President, comments 10 years ago
Part of what he said was right.
However, if the future of electric vehicles is not clear, most automakers are preparing (almost)
All possibilities including battery cars.
So this is our A to Z for everything you need to know.
A is for AC/DC.
It is not the belt, but the AC and DC.
Most battery cars store the charge in a DC power supply, but use a brushless, simpler, longer-
Long lasting AC motor.
This means they also need a heavy and expensive inverter to switch the DC to AC.
Honda CR-
Chevrolet Volt review car runs on Nissan Leaf, the coffee scrap to be built in the UK, carrying Factor 001-
Bike for 21,000!
B represents a bad car.
Oh yes, there will be some stuck on the side of the road due to technical problems and lack of charges.
"Look at what some manufacturers say," said Jon laukner, vice president of General Motors.
President of global project management.
"You only need the physical knowledge of the boys to know that they are not right.
"In addition to training patrol personnel in electrical safety and failure --
It is found that the branch is also looking forward to more labeling. C is for Cost.
The biggest problem with alternative propulsion, especially the battery.
According to Ford's director of global electricity, Nancy Gioia, the current high price per kilowatt hour in the world is as high as $850.
Battery storage technology.
"We need $28 per kilowatt hour, which is still very expensive," she said.
"The problem is cost, cost," says Joe LoGrasso, GM's global battery systems engineering manager . ".
D represents density.
The battery has no energy density of chocolate or peanut butter, much lower than the energy density of hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline.
This means that the battery is big and heavy.
The 16kWh, 110-
LG Chemical lithium-
The ion battery pack of Vauxhall Ampera weighs 400lb and forms a 7-
The foot crosses, bolts under the car, but it gives an electric range of only 40 miles and 240-
Volt power supply, it takes three hours to charge.
E represents electricity.
Or rather, where does it come from.
If you burn coal at the UN
The amount of carbon dioxide and a large amount of acid rain in sulfur-free power plants are not much.
Nuclear gives you a lot of low
Carbon, but what is the cost?
F represents fuel cells.
Or gas batteries, as Sir William Grove discovered in 1839.
Basically just another way to store electricity, except that you need to carry hydrogen (
May be expensive)
Since most fuel cell cars also have hybrids, there is also a battery somewhere.
G on behalf of the government.
They lack knowledge.
"There seems to be no understanding of the well at all --to-
"Driving carbon emissions at the government level," said Dr. Wolfgang Schneider, vice president of Ford.
Chairman of legal, government and environmental affairs.
The widespread use of electric vehicles also seems likely to provide an excuse for the government to introduce road pricing to replace the decline in fuel taxes.
H represents hydrogen, also known as an energy carrier.
With electricity, you can dissolve water and electricity into oxygen and hydrogen. Most hydro-
Like this, the power plant has a hydrogen plant to clean up the excess power.
The truth is that electricity in the future is not hydrogen, nor a battery.
More than that.
I am a huge hope for the latest in the iron phosphate, battery industry.
When combined with lithium
Ion Chemistry, iron-
Phosphate cathode batteries have some promising properties, including long life.
"The cost of iron phosphate is low, it is stable, and the thermal performance is good," said GM's logocable . " He still likes lithium.
Ion cathode on coated aluminum foil, "but it is also sensitive to impurities, and there is no cost or performance advantage yet.
"Representative J joined-
We really need to think like this.
Therefore, while there is a problem with wind power generation, it makes more sense if combined with power storage, because power storage can avoid variable power supply.
When a car is done with lithium
It still has about capacity that can be used to store wind power
Power generation.
"This" second life "can even determine the design of the battery in the future," GM's logocable said . ".
K represents intellectual or intellectual property.
And battery-
Battery competition, there is also a competition of expertise to understand how batteries work together and how to manage power electronics
And how to keep that knowledge. house.
The technical shortage in the future will be chemical and electrical engineering.
L represents longevity.
Together with reliability, reliability is one of the key indicators for all productsbattery-powered future.
Even GM, which is leading in the manufacture and testing of battery packs, said that car batteries need to be manufactured at an unprecedented level of defects (less than none)
Ensure safety and longevity.
Even so, in order to achieve a target Life of 10 years/150,000 miles, they need to be careful with the maintenance and very conservative cycling.
M is the work of economist and philosopher JS Mill.
Most automakers acknowledge that the biggest benefit of the maximum number is the best way to introduce battery technology.
So instead of rewarding early adopters of battery cars, introduce them to the fleet (
Post Office, for example)
Central charge and control daily mileage?
N for navigation systems that do not guide you to your destination but guide you to the next charging point.
Depending on the state of battery charging and your driving style, imagine the journey between charging stations.
O represents the northeast.
The aggressive regional development agency has attracted Nissan to build its Leaf battery cars and battery packs at the Tein and wear plant.
A northeastern person is bothered to connect with organizations that really know what they're talking about.
The consortium is made up of Nissan, Smith Electric Vehicles working with LTI and Ford, AVID Vehicles and the University of Newcastle.
There is also a proper start
Increase funding through modest but feasible forecasts.
P is for PV.
They received generous support from the government.
More than ten per cent of tariffs are returned each year.
The trouble is that the production of light
Sensitive cells require a lot of energy and their lives are limited and they are not very effective in the UK.
Better solar panels with warm water, but not so sexy and cheaper, so the government will not reward them generously.
Q for fast charging.
Not a panacea to solve the battery series.
Security issues (
Do you really want to play with three?
Electricity in the rain? ).
"We can get a 6-
Dr Jorge Hussain, a research engineer at Volkswagen's power propulsion division, said: "Get an hour of charging time from 3 KW of supply, but not super charging time
It can be charged quickly because it will damage the battery.
"R represents range.
Before charging for a long time, the industry plans to travel an average of 100 miles.
If the weight is not reduced on a large scale, this will damage the safety of the collision, which is unlikely to increase in the short term.
Because of the shortage. Many rare-
Earth elements are used in batteries, electric motors, light bulbs and switching systems.
Nd is iron and boron alloy for magnet
It takes about two tons of wind turbines.
Rare earth elements used in hybrid car batteries
33 lbs per Toyota Prius
Rare Earth and Rare Earth.
The materials account for almost 97 of the world's total supply, from a mine near Baotou, Inner Mongolia, and some have accused China of restricting exports to the West. T is for Time.
None of this will happen tomorrow. "Even lithium-
"There are still 10 years before the possibility of ions being mass produced," said Volkswagen's Huslage . ".
The prospect of standardizing the battery pack is "at least very far away," GM's logocable said ".
"Ford's current portfolio is 2.
"New sales of hybrid cars, electric cars and batteries account for," said Ford's Gioia . ".
"The ratio of 2020 may be between 10 and 25, but the ratio of more than one of them will be mixed [ie not plug-in electric].
"According to The Economist, you are trying to be practical.
For example, the car you drive can put a sofa in the back, take seven children to school, or go to the store in the pouring rain.
Your electric car can only do one of these things, so it lacks the utility of internal combustionengined car.
V is for Volts.
There are also wattage, amps, and kwh, Ohms, Farah, and energy and power density.
These will replace cubic meters of RPM and fuel consumption.
So it's back to school for drivers, journalists and the industry.
W represents wind power.
Not like get-claimed free lunchrich-
Fast investment in companies and politicians.
Windmills have a big appetite for steel and concrete, need long transmission lines in remote places, not the best thing, need a lot of backup
New generation facilities. X is for X-factor.
If all cars are essentially the same electric milk floating under the skin, then X-
Factors that make you want one, not another?
"We can't make these vehicles a commodity," said Ford's deputy, Derek kuzac . "
President of Global Product Development.
Possible description factors include motor noise (
Research topics in major industries now)
Processing and body design, and financing of batteries and charging. Y is for You.
Suddenly became a feather
The foot is not just a smug way of driving, it is essential if you want to reach your destination.
"Temperature, terrain, time (age of battery)and technique (driving style)
"This range could be more than 40 cents," said GM's logocable . ".
It's like setting out for Edinburgh and stopping slowly outside York.
Z represents a Zebra battery.
The first experimental intelligent use of molten salt electric storage solution has a good record on forklifts and locomotives.
Molten salt battery with high energy and power density, strong and durable
However, it also needs a working temperature of 270 degrees Celsius, and only the capacity needed to maintain it every day.